I don’t think WoL works over IP. In my mind it’s lower (LAN, e.g. ethernet) level. But if it used IP, you’d need to get ARP going before it routes. An “offline” network chip could probably manage that, though.

I’m curious to know what you find. Wireshark is always fun and fun and enlightening. :)

Switches probably need to figure out which way a particular MAC is (unlike a hub, which just express everywhere). That’s the switching part. If they power off, the tables will be empty.

Also connects to cloud for model that controls the backdoor. Might be replaceable with a local server, but still.

If you’re storing, then offline, read only, checksummed and preferably encrypted. And above all, several tested backups. I’m partial to making erofs images from dirs, but any archive that fits the content type works.

For the random access cache on top, whatever.

At least this time it has a few terms that people might not know. Usually it just spasms obvious trivialities.

Safe if used as prescribed.

It does not.